Calculate Tension
How It Works
String tension depends on the vibrating frequency, string mass per unit length, and scale length. The formula is:
T = (UW × (2 × L × F)2) / 386.4
where T is tension in pounds, UW is unit weight (lb/in), L is scale length (in), and F is frequency (Hz). The unit weight is derived from the gauge and material density (assumed nickel-plated steel for electric; phosphor bronze for acoustic). Our calculator uses approximate densities for common strings.
Common Tuning Reference
| Tuning | Strings (6th to 1st) | Typical Gauges |
|---|---|---|
| Standard E | E2 A2 D3 G3 B3 E4 | .010–.046 |
| Drop D | D2 A2 D3 G3 B3 E4 | .010–.052 |
| Drop C | C2 G2 C3 F3 A3 D4 | .012–.056 |
| D Standard | D2 G2 C3 F3 A3 D4 | .011–.054 |
| Open G | D2 G2 D3 G3 B3 D4 | .011–.050 |
Setup Tips
- For drop tunings, increase gauge by 0.002–0.004 per whole step down to maintain similar tension.
- Check neck relief and intonation after changing string gauges significantly.
- Use a tension calculator to balance feel across all strings when building custom sets.
- Acoustic guitars can handle slightly higher total tension, but always consult your manufacturer's specs.